31 Ga 69.723

Gallium

Post-Transition Metal

Gallium (Ga) is a chemical element with atomic number 31, classified as a post-transition metal. At room temperature it is a solid. It was discovered in 1875 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran.

Properties

Atomic number
31
Atomic mass
69.723 u
Category
Post-Transition Metal
Group
13
Period
4
Block
p-block
Electron configuration
[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹
Phase at STP
Solid
Density
5.907 g/cm³
Melting point
302.91 K (29.8 °C)
Boiling point
2477 K (2203.8 °C)
Electronegativity
1.81
Atomic radius
136 pm
Ionization energy
5.999 eV
Discovery
1875 · Lecoq de Boisbaudran

Common uses

LEDs, semiconductors, solar panels, thermometers

Did you know?

Melts in your hand at 29.8°C but is essential for modern electronics.