7 N 14.007

Nitrogen

Reactive Nonmetal

Nitrogen (N) is a chemical element with atomic number 7, classified as a reactive nonmetal. At room temperature it is a gas. It was discovered in 1772 by Daniel Rutherford.

Properties

Atomic number
7
Atomic mass
14.007 u
Category
Reactive Nonmetal
Group
15
Period
2
Block
p-block
Electron configuration
[He] 2s² 2p³
Phase at STP
Gas
Density
1.251 g/L
Melting point
63.15 K (-210.0 °C)
Boiling point
77.36 K (-195.8 °C)
Electronegativity
3.04
Atomic radius
56 pm
Ionization energy
14.534 eV
Discovery
1772 · Daniel Rutherford

Common uses

Fertilizers, explosives, food preservation, liquid nitrogen cooling

Did you know?

Makes up 78% of Earth's atmosphere but is chemically unreactive as N₂.