Silicon
Metalloid
Silicon (Si) is a chemical element with atomic number 14, classified as a metalloid. At room temperature it is a solid. It was discovered in 1824 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius.
Properties
- Atomic number
- 14
- Atomic mass
- 28.085 u
- Category
- Metalloid
- Group
- 14
- Period
- 3
- Block
- p-block
- Electron configuration
- [Ne] 3s² 3p²
- Phase at STP
- Solid
- Density
- 2.3296 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 1687 K (1413.8 °C)
- Boiling point
- 3538 K (3264.8 °C)
- Electronegativity
- 1.9
- Atomic radius
- 111 pm
- Ionization energy
- 8.152 eV
- Discovery
- 1824 · Jöns Jacob Berzelius
Common uses
Computer chips, glass, solar panels, silicone products
Did you know?
Second most abundant element in Earth's crust and basis of computer technology.
Compounds you can make with silicon
Silicon appears in 2 compounds in our periodic table sandbox. Each one is a real substance with its true chemical formula — combine the right elements in the right ratio below to discover it.
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SiO2
Silicon Dioxide (Quartz)
The main component of sand, quartz, and glass.
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SiC
Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)
An ultra-hard material used as an abrasive and in high-power electronics.